risc-v-tlm/README.md

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# Another RISC-V ISA simulator.
**This code is suitable to hard refactor at any time**
This is another RISC-V ISA simulator, this is coded in SystemC + TLM-2.
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It supports RV32IMAC Instruction set by now.
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[![travis](https://travis-ci.org/mariusmm/RISC-V-TLM.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/mariusmm/RISC-V-TLM)
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[![license](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-GNU--3.0-green.svg)](https://github.com/mariusmm/RISC-V-TLM/blob/master/LICENSE)
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---
Table of Contents
=================
<!--ts-->
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* [Another RISC-V ISA simulator.](./README.md#another-risc-v-isa-simulator)
* [Table of Contents](./README.md#table-of-contents)
* [Description](./README.md#description)
* [Structure](./README.md#structure)
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* [Memory Map](./README.md#memory-map)
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* [TODO](./README.md#todo)
* [Compile](./README.md#compile)
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* [Cross-compiler](./README.md#cross-compiler)
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* [Debug](./README.md#debug)
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* [Docker container](./README.md#docker-container)
* [How to use Docker](./README.md#how-to-use-docker)
* [Test](./README.md#test)
* [C code](./README.md#c-code)
* [FreeRTOS](./README.md#freertos)
* [Documentation](./README.md#documentation)
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* [Publications](./README.md#publications)
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* [Contribute](./README.md#contribute)
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* [Authors and credits](./README.md#Authors-and-credits)
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* [License](./README.md#license)
<!-- Added by: marius, at: 2019-02-11T20:15+01:00 -->
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<!--te-->
## Description
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Brief description of the modules:
* CPU: Top entity that includes all other modules.
* Memory: Memory highly based on TLM-2 example with read file capability
* Registers: Implements the register file, PC register & CSR registers
* Instruction: Decodes instruction type and keeps instruction field
* BASE_ISA: Executes Base ISA, Zifencei and Zicsr.
* C_extension: Decodes & Executes Compressed instructions (C extension)
* M_extension: Decodes & Executes Multiplication and Division instructions (M extension)
* A_extension: Decodes & Executes Atomic instructions (A extension)
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* Simulator: Top-level entity that builds & starts the simulation
* BusCtrl: Simple bus manager
* Trace: Simple trace peripheral
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* Timer: Simple IRQ programable real-time counter peripheral
* Debug: GDB server for remote debugging (Beta)
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Helper classes:
* Performance: Performance indicators stores here (singleton class)
* Log: Log class to log them all (singleton class)
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Current performance is about 3.000.000 instructions / sec in a Intel Core
i5-5200<span>@</span>2.2Ghz and about 4.500.000 instructions / sec in a Intel Core i7-8550U<span>@</span>1.8Ghz.
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Trace perihperal creates a xterm window where it prints out all received data.
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### Structure
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![Modules' hierarchy](doc/Hierarchy.png)
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### Memory map
| Base | Module | Description |
| ---- | :----: | ---- |
| 0x40000000 | Trace | Output data to xterm |
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| 0x40004000 | Timer | LSB Timer |
| 0x40004004 | Timer | MSB Timer |
| 0x40004008 | Timer | MSB Timer Comparator |
| 0x4000400C | Timer | LSB Timer Comparator |
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## TODO
This is a preliminar and incomplete version.
Task to do:
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- [x] Implement all missing instructions (Execute)
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- [x] Implement CSRs ~~(where/how?)~~
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- [ ] Add full support to read file with memory contents (to memory.h)
- [ ] .elf files
- [x] .hex files (only partial .hex support)
- [ ] Connect some TLM peripherals
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- [x] Debug module similiar to ARM's ITM
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- [ ] Some standard UART model
- [ ] ...
- [ ] Implement interrupts
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- [x] implement timer (mtimecmp) & timer interrupt
- [ ] generic IRQ comtroller
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- [x] Test, test, test & test. I'm sure there are a ~~lot of~~ some bugs in the code
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- [x] riscv-test almost complete (see [Test](https://github.com/mariusmm/RISC-V-TLM/wiki/Tests))
- [x] riscv-compliance
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* [ ] Improve structure and modules hierarchy
* [ ] Add 64 & 128 bits architecture (RV64I, RV128I)
* [x] Debug capabilities
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## Compile
In order to compile the project you need SystemC-2.3.2 installed in your system.
Just change SYSTEMC path in Makefile.
```
$ make
```
Then, you need to modifiy your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environtment variable to add
path systemc library. In my case:
```
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/marius/Work/RiscV/code/systemc-2.3.2/lib-linux64
```
And then you can execute the simulator:
```
$ ./RISCV_TLM asm/BasicLoop.hex
```
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### Arguments
-L loglevel: 3 for detailed (INFO) log, 0 to ERROR log level
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-f filename .hex filename to use
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-D Enter in Debug mode, simulator starts gdb server (Beta)
## Cross-compiler
It is possible to use gcc as risc-v compiler. Follow the instructions (from https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain):
~~~
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
$ cd riscv-gnu-toolchain
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$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32gc --with-abi=ilp32
$ make
...
wait for long time ...
...
$ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/riscv/bin
~~~
In test/C/long_test/ example there is a Makefile that compiles a project with any .c files and links them against new-lib nano.
There is a Helper_functions.c file with defiitions of all missing functions needed by the library (**_read()**, **_close()**, **_fstat_r()**,
**_lseek_r()**, **_isatty_r()**, **_write()**). All of them are defined empty except **_write()** that is written to use the Trace perihperal.
The definition of the function **_write()** allows developer to use printf() as usual and the stdout will be redirected to the Trace perihperal.
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## Debug
It is possible to debug an application running in RISC-V-TLM simulator.
It is tested with riscv32-unknown-elf-gdb version 8.3.0.20190516-git and eclipse.
Configure a "C/C++ Remote Application" debug configuration as the figure
![Modules' hierarchy](doc/DebugConfiguration.png)
gdbinit.txt file must contain:
```
set debug remote 1
set arch riscv:rv32
```
With this configuration, eclipse debuggins is almost normal (I experienced some problems wiith "step-over" and "step-into" commands)
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## Docker container
There is a Docker container available with the latest release at https://hub.docker.com/r/mariusmm/riscv-tlm.
This container has RISCV-TLM already build at /usr/src/riscv64/RISCV-TLM directory.
### How to use Docker
```
$ docker pull mariusmm/riscv-tlm
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$ docker run -v <path_to_RISCV-V-TLM>/:/tmp -u $UID -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY --volume="/tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix:rw" -it mariusmm/riscv-tlm /bin/bash
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# cd /usr/src/riscv64/RISC-V-TLM/
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# ./RISCV_TLM /tmp/<your_hex_file>
```
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or you can call binary inside docker image directly:
```
$ docker run -v <path_to_RISCV-V-TLM>/:/tmp -u $UID -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY --volume="/tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix:rw" -it mariusmm/riscv-tlm /usr/src/riscv64/RISC-V-TLM/RISCV_TLM /tmp/<your_hex_file>
```
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I'm using docker image [zmors/riscv_gcc](https://hub.docker.com/r/zmors/riscv_gcc) to have a cross-compiler, I'm using both docker images this way:
```
console1:
$ docker run -v /tmp:/PRJ -it zmors/riscv_gcc:1 bash
# cd /PRJ/func3
# make
console2:
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$ docker run -v /tmp:/tmp -u $UID -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY --volume="/tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix:rw" -it mariusmm/riscv-tlm /bin/bash
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# cd /usr/src/riscv64/RISC-V-TLM/
# ./RISCV-TLM /tmp/file.hex
...
```
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or
```
...
console 2:
$ docker run -v /tmp/tmp -it mariusmm/riscv-tlm /usr/src/riscv64/RISC-V-TLM/RISCV_TLM /tmp/file.hex
```
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Performance is not affected by running the simulator inside the container
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## Test
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See [Test page](Test) for more information.
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In the asm directory there are some basic assembly examples.
I "compile" one file with the follwing command:
```
$ cd asm
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$ riscv32-unknown-elf-as EternalLoop.asm -o EternalLoop.o
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$ riscv32-unknown-elf-ld EternalLoop.o -o EternalLoop.elf
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$ riscv32-unknown-elf-objcopy -O ihex EternalLoop.elf EternalLoop.hex
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$ cd ..
$ ./RISCV_SCTLM asm/EternalLoop.hex
```
This example needs that you hit Ctr+C to stop execution.
### C code
The C directory contains simple examples in C. Each directory contains
an example, to compile it just:
```
$ make
```
and then execute the .hex file like the example before.
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### FreeRTOS
FreeRTOS can run in this simulator!
In test/FreeRTOS/ directory there is portable files (port.c, portmacro.c portasm.S) and main file (freertos_test.c) ported to this RISC-V model.
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## Documentation
The code is documented using doxygen. In the doc folder there is a Doxygen.cfg
file ready to be used.
## Contribute
There are several ways to contribute to this project:
* Test
* Pull request are welcome (see TODO list)
* Good documentation
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* RTL-Level simulation
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## Authors and credits
RISC-V-TLM is managed by Màrius Montón.
If you find this code useful, please consider citing:
```
@inproceedings{montonriscvtlm2020,
title = {A {RISC}-{V} {SystemC}-{TLM} simulator},
booktitle = {Workshop on {Computer} {Architecture} {Research} with {RISC}-{V} ({CARRV 2020}),
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author = {Montón, Màrius},
year = {2020}
}
```
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## Publications
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I've published a paper describing the RISC-V simulator in [CARRV 2020](https://carrv.github.io/2020/) conference ([pdf](http://mariusmonton.com/wp-uploads/2020/05/CARRV2020_paper_7_Monton.pdf)).
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## License
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Copyright (C) 2018, 2019, 2020 Màrius Montón ([\@mariusmonton](https://twitter.com/mariusmonton/))
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This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.